Dentosphere : World of Dentistry

# All of the following statements about cast cobalt alloys are true EXCEPT: A. They have a modulus of elasticity twice that of gold alloys B. They are more rigid than gold alloys C. They have higher ductility than gold alloys D. They have a lower proportional limit than gold alloys # The contraction of gold alloys on solidifying is approximately: A. 0.4% B. 1.4% C. 2.4% D. 3.4% # Addition of large amounts of platinum to a casting gold alloy will: A. Decrease its strength and ability to be hardened B. Decrease its tarnish resistance C. Increase its fusion temperature D. Redden the alloy # The pattern for the metallic framework of a removable partial denture is fabricated from: A. Inlay wax type-II B. Boxing wax C. Modelling wax D. Casting wax

 # Which of the following drugs is likely to damage the eighth cranial nerve when administered for a long period of time ?  A. Ethambutol  B. Isoniazide  C. Rifampicin  D. Streptomycin The correct answer is D. Streptomycin. Nephrotoxicity, ototoxicity, and contact sensitization (due to this, topical application is not indicated) are common side effects of Streptomycin. 8th nerve is usually affected. Vestibular involvement is more common and cochlear involvement is less common. 

 # Which of the following structures is not of ectodermal origin? A. Hunter Schreger bands B. Enamel spindles C. Enamel tufts D. Enamel lamellae The correct answer is B. Enamel spindles. Enamel spindles are odontoblastic processes, which extend into enamel. Enamel spindles are mesenchymal in origin.

 # Malocclusion representing a transverse deficiency is often referred to as: A. Open bite B. Closed bite C. Cross bite D. Deep bite The correct answer is C. Cross bite. Patients with maxillary transverse deficiency usually have a narrow palate and a posterior crossbite. If the maxilla is narrow relative to the rest of the face, a diagnosis of transverse maxillary deficiency is justified. Occlusal relationships must be considered in all three planes of space. Lingual posterior crossbite (i.e., upper teeth lingual to lower teeth) is the major deviation from the normal transverse dental relationship and reflects deviations from ideal occlusion in the transverse plane of space. Ref: Contemporary Orthodontics, William R. Proffit, 6th Edition.

 # Y shaped occlusal pattern is found in which teeth? A. Mandibular first premolar B. Mandibular second premolar C. Maxillary first premolar D. Maxillary second premolar The correct answer is B. Mandibular second premolar.  The three cusp type mandibular second premolar manifests as a Y shaped occlusal pattern. The three-cusp type appears square lingual to the buccal cusp ridges when highly developed. Each cusp has well-formed triangular ridges separated by deep developmental grooves. These grooves converge in a central pit and form a Y shape on the occlusal surface. 

 # Y axis is used to analyze: A. Maxillary growth B. Mandibular growth C. Both maxillary and mandibular growth D. To design appliance The correct answer is B. Mandibular growth. Y-axis is obtained by joining the sella - gnathion line with the F.H. plane. The mean value is 59 degree with a range of 53 to 66 degree. The angle is larger in Class II Facial patterns than in patient exhibiting Class III pattern. In addition, Y axis indicates the growth pattern of the individual. If the angle is greater than normal, it indicates greater vertical growth of mandible. If the angle is smaller than normal, it indicates greater horizontal growth of mandible. 

 # Perikymata are the external surface manifestations of: A. Enamel rods B. Incremental lines of Retzius C. Nasmyth’s membrane D. Pellicle The correct answer is B. Incremental lines of Retzius. The number of perikymata gradually decreases form cervical region to occlusal or incisal region because of undisturbed development of enamel prior to birth. Perikymata are usually absent in prenatally developed occlusal parts of deciduous teeth, whereas they are present in postnatal cervical parts. 

 # Abnormal function of epithelial chloride channel protein is the cause of: A. Ehlers Danlos Syndrome B. Marfan Syndrome C. Cystic fibrosis D. Diabetes insipidus The correct answer is C. Cystic fibrosis. Cystic Fibrosis (Mucoviscidosis) Among the genetic paediatric disorders, cystis fibrosis is the most important. It is fundamentally a widespread disorder in epithelial transport affecting fluid secretion in exocrine glands and the epithelial lining of the respiratory, gastrointestinal, and reproductive tracts. Cystic fibrosis follows simple autosomal recessive transmission. The primary defect is in the regulation of epithelial chloride transport by a chloride channel protein encoded by the cystic fibrosis gene. The impact of this defect in chloride transport differs in various tissues. 

 # Amyloidosis most commonly occurs in: A. Kidney B. Spleen C. Liver D. Heart The correct answer is A. Kidney. Amyloidosis of the kidneys is most common and most serious because of ill effects on renal function. Kidneys affected by amyloidosis may be normal sized or enlarged; the cut surface is pale, waxy and translucent. Amyloidosis of spleen has two patterns - Sago spleen and lardaceous spleen. 

 # CSF rhinorrhea is found in: A. Frontal bone fracture B. Zygomatico maxillary fracture C. Nasoethmoidal fracture D. Condylar fracture The correct answer is C. Nasoethmoidal fracture. CSF rhinorrhea is seen in nasoethmoidal, Le Fort II and Le Fort III fractures, associated with comminuted cibriform plate of ethmoid. Tramline effect and halo on pillow effect are diagnostic signs of CSF rhinorrhea. 

 # Wounds which are clean, uninfected and surgically incised, with edge of wounds approximated by sutures heal by: A. Primary intention B. Secondary intention C. Cauterization D. All of the above The correct answer is A. Primary intention. Clean, uninfected, surgically incised wounds that are approximated by surgical sutures heal by primary intention. Infected, open large wounds that are not approximated by surgical sutures heal by secondary intention. Healing after flap surgery is by primary intention where as gingivectomy, gingivoplasty and extraction socket heal by secondary intention. 

 # Tensile strength of wound becomes normal after: A. 6 weeks B. 4 month C. 6 month D. Never The correct answer is D. Never. Tensile strength of the scar is never equal to the original tissue, is always less (the maximum being 80% that of unwounded skin).

 # A pediatric patient is brought to the clinic for interpositional arthroplasty procedure. The best method of intubation is: A. Topical anesthesia and sedation B. GA C. Fibreoptic intubation D. Tracheostomy The correct answer is C. Fibreoptic intubation. Nasal fibreoptic tube with cuffed endotracheal one size less than that is indicated for children is the best method. Airway management is either by oral airway or LMA. Inhalational induction should be done as paediatric patients cannot tolerate awake fibro-optic intubation. Usually uncuffed ETT are preferred in child patients. 

Thesis and research is a part of MDS curriculum. Here are some good research topics to consider if you are an MDS Oral Pathology Resident. Molecular and genetic markers in the diagnosis and prognosis of oral squamous cell carcinoma. Role of immune checkpoint inhibitors in the management of oral cancer. Analysis of potential biomarkers for early detection of oral potentially malignant disorders. Evaluation of the association between human papillomavirus (HPV) and oral cancer. Molecular pathways involved in the development and progression of oral leukoplakia. Characterization of microRNA expression profiles in oral cancer and potentially malignant lesions. Impact of tobacco and betel quid on the molecular alterations in oral mucosal cells. Association between oral health and systemic diseases: A focus on inflammation and immune response. Evaluation of the expression of cancer stem cell markers in oral cancer. Role of exosomes in the communication between cancer cells and the tumor microe...

Thesis and research is a part of MDS curriculum. Here are some good research topics to consider if you are an MDS Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics Resident. Comparative evaluation of different obturation techniques in root canal treatment. Analysis of the antimicrobial efficacy of various root canal irrigants. Impact of different instrumentation techniques on postoperative pain in endodontic therapy. Evaluation of the success rate of different intracanal medicaments in pulp vitality preservation. Comparative study of the antibacterial properties of root canal sealers. Assessment of the clinical outcomes of regenerative endodontic procedures. Analysis of the effect of different irrigation protocols on the removal of smear layer. Evaluation of the influence of root canal curvature on instrumentation efficacy. Comparative study of different obturation materials in terms of sealing ability. Assessment of the effectiveness of different diagnostic aids in identifying root canal anatomy...

 Thesis and research is a part of MDS curriculum. Here are some good research topics to consider if you are an MDS Periodontology and Oral Implantology Resident.  Long-term outcomes of dental implants in patients with aggressive periodontitis. Comparative analysis of different surgical techniques for periodontal regeneration. Evaluation of the effect of smoking on the success of dental implant therapy. Assessment of the influence of diabetes on the progression of periodontal diseases. Comparative study of different biomaterials for guided bone regeneration in implantology. Analysis of the impact of periodontal diseases on systemic health outcomes. Effectiveness of different surgical protocols for crown lengthening procedures. Evaluation of the role of host modulation therapy in periodontal disease management. Comparative analysis of different techniques for soft tissue augmentation around dental implants. Impact of orthodontic treatment on periodontal health and stability of d...

 Thesis and research is a part of MDS curriculum. Here are some good research topics to consider if you are an MDS Community Dentistry Resident. Evaluation of the effectiveness of community water fluoridation programs. Impact of oral health education programs on knowledge and practices in school children. Analysis of the prevalence and risk factors of dental caries in rural vs. urban populations. Community-based interventions for promoting oral hygiene in vulnerable populations. Evaluation of the oral health status of elderly individuals in residential care facilities. Assessment of the effectiveness of school-based fluoride mouth rinse programs. Analysis of the relationship between socioeconomic factors and oral health disparities. Effectiveness of teledentistry in reaching underserved populations for oral health consultations. Community perceptions and attitudes toward water fluoridation: A qualitative study. Evaluation of the impact of community-based oral health promotion on pr...

 Thesis and research is a part of MDS curriculum. Here are some good research topics to consider if you are an MDS Pediatric and Preventive Dentistry Resident. Evaluation of the efficacy of fluoride varnish in preventing early childhood caries. Long-term outcomes of different pit and fissure sealant materials in primary molars. Comparative study of silver diamine fluoride and traditional restorative approaches in caries management. Assessment of parental knowledge and attitudes regarding children's oral health. Analysis of the impact of early orthodontic intervention on oral health-related quality of life in children. Efficacy of motivational interviewing in promoting oral hygiene habits in pediatric patients. Evaluation of teledentistry applications in the management of pediatric dental patients. Impact of prenatal and neonatal factors on the development of early childhood caries. Comparative study of different behavior management techniques in pediatric dentistry. Analysis of the...

 Thesis and research is a part of MDS curriculum. Here are some good research topics to consider if you are an MDS Prosthodontics Resident. Comparative analysis of removable and fixed dental prostheses. Evaluation of the long-term success of implant-supported overdentures. Impact of different implant abutment materials on peri-implant soft tissues. Patient satisfaction and quality of life with different prosthodontic treatment modalities. Digital vs. conventional impressions in prosthodontics: A systematic review. Assessment of occlusal parameters in complete denture wearers. Effectiveness of different denture adhesives in enhancing denture stability. Evaluation of the accuracy of computer-aided design/computer-aided manufacturing (CAD/CAM) in prosthodontics. Comparison of metal-ceramic vs. all-ceramic prostheses in terms of esthetics and strength. Prosthodontic rehabilitation in patients with maxillofacial defects: A case series. Impact of prosthetic design on masticatory efficien...

   Thesis and research is a part of MDS curriculum. Here are some good research topics to consider if you are an MDS Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery Resident. Evaluation of the efficacy of three-dimensional printing in preoperative planning for maxillofacial reconstruction. Assessment of outcomes in orthognathic surgery using virtual surgical planning compared to conventional methods. The role of cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) in the preoperative assessment of mandibular fractures. Comparative analysis of different fixation methods in the treatment of mandibular fractures. Evaluation of the use of virtual reality simulation in training oral and maxillofacial surgery residents. Assessment of the impact of maxillofacial trauma on oral health-related quality of life. The role of platelet-rich plasma (PRP) in enhancing bone healing in maxillofacial surgery. Comparative study of open versus closed reduction in the management of condylar fractures. Evaluation of postoperative c...