Dentosphere : World of Dentistry

Which of the following inhalational anesthetic has analgesic property?

# Which of the following inhalational anesthetic has analgesic property?

A. Nitrous oxide

B. Halothane

C. Enflurane

D. Sevoflurane

The correct answer is A. Nitrous oxide

The use of nitrous oxide to relieve the pain of surgery was suggested by Humphrey Davy in 1800. He was the first person to make nitrous oxide, and he tested its effects on several people, including himself and the Prime Minister, noting that it caused euphoria, analgesia and loss of consciousness. The use of nitrous oxide, billed as ‘laughing gas’, became a popular fairground entertainment and came to the notice of an American dentist, Horace Wells, who had a tooth extracted under its influence, while he himself squeezed the inhalation bag.

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A diabetic patient in the waiting room develops giddiness, sweating and confusion, he is suffering from:

# A diabetic patient in the waiting room develops giddiness, sweating and confusion, he is suffering from:

A. Hypertension

B. Ketoacidosis

C. Hypoglycemia

D. Hyperglycemia

The correct answer is C. Hypoglycemia.

Signs and symptoms of low blood sugar (happen quickly)

Feeling shaky.

Being nervous or anxious.

Sweating, chills and clamminess.

Irritability or impatience.

Confusion.

Fast heartbeat.

Feeling lightheaded or dizzy.

Hunger.

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Carcinoma due to chronic irritation is:

# Carcinoma due to chronic irritation is:

A. Kangri cancer

B. Countryman’s injury

C. Chimney-sweepers cancer

D. All of the above

The correct answer is D. All of the above.

Kangri cancer is a type of squamous-cell carcinoma of the skin. It is found only in Kashmir in the northwest of the Indian subcontinent. It occurs on the lower abdomen and inner thighs and is due to the use of a kanger, a ceramic pot covered with wicker-work, carried as a source of warmth during cold weather.

Actinic cheilitis is cheilitis (lip inflammation) caused by long term sunlight exposure. Essentially it is a burn, and a variant of actinic keratosis which occurs on the lip. It is a premalignant condition, as it can develop into squamous cell carcinoma (a type of mouth cancer). This is also known as sailor's lip or farmer's lip or countryman's lip.

Chimney sweep's cancer, also called soot wart, is a squamous cell carcinoma of the skin of the scrotum. It has the distinction of being the first reported form of occupational cancer, and was initially identified by Percivall Pott in 1775. It was initially noticed as being prevalent amongst chimney sweeps.

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Therapy of choice for diffuse toxic goiter in a patient over 45 years is:

# Therapy of choice for diffuse toxic goiter in a patient over 45 years is:

A. Surgery

B. Antithyroid drugs

C. Radioiodine

D. Antithyroid drugs first, followed by surgery

The correct answer is C. Radioiodine

Diffuse toxic goiter Treatment:

a) Above 45 years - Radioiodine

b) Below 45 years

- Surgery - for large goitre

- Antithyroid drugs or radioiodine - for small goiter

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Which of the following is the first sign that appears in hemorrhagic shock?

# Which of the following is the first sign that appears in hemorrhagic shock?

A. Hypotension

B. Tachycardia

C. Vasoconstriction

D. Syncope

The correct answer is B. Tachycardia

Hypovolemic shock develops after the loss of 40% of blood.
Tachycardia is earliest sign of hemorrhagic shock.
Hypovolemic shock is the most common type of shock in the victim of maxillofacial trauma.

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Pain due to gallstone can be perceived in all areas except:

# Pain due to gallstone can be perceived in all areas except:

A. Right shoulder

B. Right hypochondrium

C. Right iliac fossa

D. Epigastrium

The correct answer is C. Right iliac fossa.

Gallstones may cause no signs or symptoms. If a gallstone lodges in a duct and causes a blockage, the resulting signs and symptoms may include:

Sudden and rapidly intensifying pain in the upper right portion of your abdomen (right hypochondrium)
Sudden and rapidly intensifying pain in the center of your abdomen, just below your breastbone (epigastrium)
Back pain between your shoulder blades
Pain in your right shoulder
Nausea or vomiting

Gallstone pain may last several minutes to a few hours.

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