Dentosphere : World of Dentistry

 # A 19 year old patient presents with oral pain, erythematous gingival tissues, blunted papillae spontaneous gingival bleeding, and no attachment loss. There is also a pseudomembrane covering the gingiva. Which of the following is the diagnosis for this patient? A. Plaque associated gingivitis B. Necrotizing ulcerative gingivitis C. Aggressive periodontitis D. Chronic periodontitis E. Necrotizing ulcerative periodontitis The correct answer is B. Necrotozing ulcerative gingivitis. Necrotizing ulcerative gingivitis and periodontitis usually occurs because of the predominance of the anaerobic fusobacteria and spirochetes within the oral cavity, specifically underneath the gingiva. This is a case of Necrotizing ulcerative gingivitis (NUG) NOT necrotizing ulcerative periodontitis (NUP) because the patient is not experiencing bone loss. Debridement of the affected gingiva with an adjunctive prescription of chlorhexidine 0.12 % rise will help stop the progression of necrotizing ulcerativ...

 # Which of the following patient conditions is the strongest indication for splinting? A. Mobility with a unilateral shift from centric relation to centric occlusion B. Mobility with discomfort C. Presence of diastemas D. Primary occlusal trauma The correct answer is B. Mobility with discomfort. Unstable teeth that cannot maintain normal position during centric occlusion need additional support to maintain position and therefore must be splinted to the adjacent teeth. Presence of a diastema does not necessarily require splinting except when the diastema is caused by the movement of teeth due a periodontally compromised status. Primary occlusal trauma can be resolved once the cause of trauma is removed. Discomfort associated with tooth mobility may: • Be due to other periodontal conditions • Be due to pulpal conditions • NOT be a direct indication alone for splinting therapy CLICK HERE FOR MORE MCQS

 Name of Dental Clinic: Peace Dental Care Pvt. Ltd. Address: Bharatpur-10, Hospital Road, Chitwan Year of Establishment: 2076 Name of the chief Dental Surgeon: Dr. Binaya Subedi CONTACT NUMBER: 056593325 CLICK HERE TO VIEW ALL DENTAL CLINICS OF BAGMATI PROVINCE

 Name of Dental Clinic: Baishdhara Dental Clinic Address : Near Tarun Ma Vi, Balaju, Kathmandu, Nepal Year of Establishment: 2021 Name of the chief Dental Surgeon: Dr Bishwo Prachanda Sedhain CONTACT NUMBER: 9851157949 CLICK HERE TO VIEW ALL DENTAL CLINICS OF BAGMATI PROVINCE

 # Interruption of transmission of disease is called: A. Disease control  B. Disease eradication C. Disease elimination D. Disability limitation The correct answer is C. Disease elimination. Concept of Control A. Disease control : The term 'disease control' describes (ongoing) operations aimed at reducing incidence, duration, decrease effects of disease, etc. Control activities may focus on primary prevention or secondary prevention. The concept of tertiary prevention is comparatively less relevant to control efforts. In disease control, the disease agent is permitted to persist in the community at a level where it ceases to be a public health problem according to the tolerance level of local population. B. Disease elimination: Between control and eradication, an intermediate goal has been described, called 'regional elimination'. The term elimination is used to describe interruption of transmission of disease, eg. elimination of measles, polio and diphtheria from large...

 # The new concept of risk factor came into existence during which phase? A. Disease control phase B. Health promotional phase C. Social engineering phase D. Health for all phase The correct answer is C. Social engineering phase. Four phases of public health have been recognized: A. Phase one: Disease Control Phase (1880-1920) The 19th century Public Health- matter of sanitary legislation and sanitary reform, safe water supply and waste disposal.  B. Phase Two: Health promotional phase (1920-1960) At the beginning of the 20th century, the concept of health promotion emerged. As a result, in addition to disease control activities, one more goal was initiated. e.g. Maternal and child health, School health, mental health, occupational health and rehabilitation services. C. Phase Three: Social Engineering phase (1960-1980) Chronic conditions such as cancer, Diabetes mellitus (DM), cardiovascular diseases (CVD), and alcoholism, drug addiction occurred. These chronic health problems...

 Name of Dental Clinic: Bhatbhateni Dental Care Pvt. Ltd. Address: Thirbum Sadak, Bhatbhateni, Naxal Year of Establishment: 2017 Name of the chief Dental Surgeon: Dr. Sanjay Kumar Tiwari  CONTACT NUMBER: 9863028098  CLICK HERE TO VIEW ALL DENTAL CLINICS OF BAGMATI PROVINCE

 Name of Dental Clinic: Dent Inn the Dental Clinic Address: Sherpa Mall, Third Floor, Durbar Marg, Kathmandu Year of Establishment: 2006 Name of the chief Dental Surgeon: Dr. Rima Shrestha  CONTACT NUMBER: 9843050990 CLICK HERE TO VIEW ALL DENTAL CLINICS OF BAGMATI PROVINCE

 Name of Dental Clinic: King's Dental Care Centre Pvt. Ltd Address: Bharatpur-9 central bus terminal, Chitwan Year of Establishment: 2074 BS Name of the chief Dental Surgeon: Dr.  Avishek Adhikari Sharma CONTACT NUMBER: 056595401, 9845150787 NMC Number of Dental Surgeon: 22608 CLICK HERE TO VIEW ALL DENTAL CLINICS OF BAGMATI PROVINCE

 Name of Dental Clinic: Quality smile dental care Address: Lagankhel (opposite patan hospital) Year of Establishment: 2077 Name of the chief Dental Surgeon: Dr Rabin Gyawali CONTACT NUMBER: 9851310253 CLICK HERE TO VIEW ALL DENTAL CLINICS OF BAGMATI PROVINCE

 Name of Dental Clinic: Mandala Dental Clinic Address: Kanti Marg, Basundhara Chowki, Kathmandu  Year of Establishment: 2021 Name of the chief Dental Surgeon: Dr Sabin Paudel CONTACT NUMBER: 9849717709 CLICK HERE TO VIEW ALL DENTAL CLINICS OF BAGMATI PROVINCE

 Name of Dental Clinic: ARS Dental Clinic Address: Lokanthali, Bhaktapur and Lazimpat, Kathmandu Year of Establishment: 2015 Name of the chief Dental Surgeon: Dr. Shyam K. Maharjan  CONTACT NUMBER: 9851039240  CLICK HERE TO VIEW ALL DENTAL CLINICS OF BAGMATI PROVINCE

 Name of Dental Clinic: Smerata Dental Care Address : Tandi chowk,  Ratnanagar-2, Chitwan Year of Establishment: 2076 Name of the chief Dental Surgeon: Dr Anjula Thapa CONTACT NUMBER: 9855085545 CLICK HERE TO VIEW ALL DENTAL CLINICS OF BAGMATI PROVINCE

 Name of Dental Clinic: SWASTIK DENTAL CARE AND IMPLANT CENTRE Address: Rani path, Roadcess chowk, Biratnagar-12 Year of Establishment: 2021 Name of the chief Dental Surgeon: Dr. Aditya Shah CONTACT NUMBER: 9803050871 CLICK HERE TO VIEW ALL DENTAL CLINICS OF PROVINCE NO 1

# Who was the first person to define public health? A. Rutherford B. Winslow C. Freud D. Erikeson The correct answer is B. Winslow. Winslow (1920): 'Public Health' is the art and science of preventing disease. CLICK HERE FOR MORE MCQs

 Name of Dental Clinic: Dhulikhel Dental Care Address: Dhulikhel bus station, next to Century commercial bank Year of Establishment: 2019 Name of the chief Dental Surgeon: Amir Hamal CONTACT NUMBER: 9851172359 CLICK HERE TO VIEW ALL DENTAL CLINICS OF BAGMATI PROVINCE  

 Name of Dental Clinic: Family dental home pvt. Ltd. Address: Lagankhel buspark, lalitpur (near everest bank) Year of Establishment: 2075/76 Name of the chief Dental Surgeon: DR. BIJAY TAJA CONTACT NUMBER: 9849688648 CLICK HERE TO VIEW ALL DENTAL CLINICS OF BAGMATI PROVINCE

 # A patient has a 5 mm probing depth on the distal of their maxillary second premolar, 2 mm of recession was also charted in that area. What is the attachment loss in that area? A. 7 mm B. 10 mm C. 5 mm D. 3 mm The correct answer is A. 7 mm. Periodontal health is assessed by determining how much attachment a tooth has lost. A healthy periodontium demonstrates a sulcular depth of 1-3 mm. Recession is the distance from the CEJ to the marginal gingiva. Probing depth is the distance betweeen the marginal gingiva and the floor of sulcus.  Loss of attachment is measured as the distance of CEJ from the sulcular depth.  So, Loss of Attachment (LOA) = Recession+Probing depth CLICK HERE FOR MORE MCQs

 # How many hours after mechanical debridement with a toothbrush is a mature dental plaque found? A. 24-48 hours B. 3-5 hours C. 6-10 hours D. 12-24 hours E. 1-2 hours The correct answer is A. 24-48 hours. Mature dental plaque is usually formed on the teeth within 24-48 hours after plaque removal. The bacterial biofilm first attach to the tooth via a pellicle, consisting of glycoproteins. The first bacteria to attach to the pellicle glycoproteins are gram positive aerobic cocci such as Streptococcus sanguinis.  After 24 hours, anaerobic gram negative cocci, rods, and filaments begin to colonize the plaque.  CLICK HERE TO VIEW MORE MCQs BY TOPIC

 # A buccal flap used to cover an oroantral communication associated with maxillary third molar would receive nourishment from which of the following arteries? A. Posterior superior alveolar B. Nasopalatine C. Greater palatine D. Facial The correct answer is A. Posterior superior alveolar. The buccal flap will receive its nourishment from the blood vessel that supplies the maxillary third molar, which is the posterior superior alveolar artery. Posterior superior alveolar artery is the blood vessel that provides blood supply to the lining of maxillary sinus, the alveolar bone, the molars and premolars of the maxilla and the gingiva. Facial artery branches out and supplies blood to several parts of the face which includes the lips, portions of the nose, submental area and some portions of the tonsils. Nasopalatine artery (sphenopalatine artery) branches off to the walls of nasal septum. Greater palatine artery gives off blood supply to the nasal septum and the hard palate. CLICK HERE...

# In Angle's classification for malocclusion, the key tooth is: A. Mesiobuccal cusp of permanent maxillary forst molar B. Distobuccal cusp of permanent maxillary first molar C. Mesiobuccal cusp of permanent maxillary second molar D. Mesiobuccal cusp of permanent mandibular first molar # Andrew's 5th Key of occlusion is: A. Curve of Spee B. Rotation absent C. Tight contact D. Bolton's ratio # Zygoma or Key ridge corresponds to: A. Mesiobuccal root of upper first molar B. Mesiobuccal root of upper second molar C. Distobuccal cusp of upper first molar D. Distobuccal cusp of second molar    # Angles line of occlusion are seen in which plane? A. Sagittal B. Vertical C. Transverse D. Transverse and vertical # When Angle's classification system is used then displacement occurs in which direction? A. Vertical B. Transverse C. Sagittal D. Sagittal an...

# Who among the following is named as the pioneer in the treatment of cleft palate and related problems? A. Norman Kingsley B. Edward H. Angle C. Graber D. Nance The correct answer is A. Norman Kingsley. Kingsley, was among the first to use extraoral force to correct protruding teeth. He was also a pioneer in the treatment of cleft palate and related problems.  CLICK HERE FOR MORE MCQs

 # Who among the following developed the first orthodontic appliance? A. Pierre Fauchard B. Norman Kingsley C. Emerson C. Angell D. Edward H. Angle The correct answer is A. Pierre Fauchard. Orthodontics truly began developing in the 18th and 19th centuries. In 1728, French dentist Pierre Fauchard, who is often credited with inventing modern orthodontics, published a book entitled "The Surgeon Dentist" on methods of straightening teeth. Fauchard, in his practice, used a device called a "Bandeau", a horseshoe-shaped piece of iron that helped expand the palate. In 1754, another French dentist, Louis Bourdet, dentist to the King of France, followed Fauchard's book with The Dentist's Art, which also dedicated a chapter to tooth alignment and application. He perfected the "Bandeau" and was the first dentist on record to recommend extraction of the premolar teeth to alleviate crowding and to improve jaw growth. Pierre Fauchard, 'Father of modern denti...

 # Which of the following is a component of Jackson’s triad? A. Functional efficiency B. Structural balance C. Aesthetic harmony D. All of the above The correct answer is D. All of the above. The aims and objectives of orthodontic treatment have been summarized by Jackson as the 'Jackson's triad'. The three main objectives of orthodontic treatment are: - Functional efficiency - Structural balance - Aesthetic harmony CLICK HERE FOR MORE MCQs

 # The term ‘Orthodontics’ was coined by: A. Le Foulon B. Hunter C. Carabelli D. Norman Kingsley The correct answer is A. Le Foulon. The term orthodontics was apparently used first by the Frenchman Le Foulon in 1839. CLICK HERE FOR MORE MCQs

 # The occipital condyle is represented by the following cephalometric point: A. Bolton’s point B. Broadbent registration point C. Basion D. Articulare The correct answer is A. Bolton's point. Bolton's point: The highest point at the post-condylar notch of occipital bone Few other cephalometric landmarks are: 1. Glabella: It is the most prominent point on the forehead in the mid-sagittal plane. 2. Nasion: The most anterior point midway between the frontal and nasal bone on the frontonasal suture. 3. Orbitale: The lowest point on the inferior bony margin of the orbit. 4. Porion: The highest bony point on the upper margin of external auditory meatus. 5. Sella: This point represents the mid point of the pituitary fossa or sella-turcica. 6. Basion: It is median point of the anterior margin of the foramen magnum 7. Anterior nasal spine: It is the anterior tip of the sharp bony process of the maxilla in the midline of the lower margin of anterior nasal spine. 8. Point A: It is a deep...

 # Which of the following bone indicates the termination of skeletal maturity? A. Presence of Sesamoid B. Appearance of pisiformis C. Appearance of calcification of hook of hamate D. Union of diaphysis and epiphysis on radius The correct answer is D. Union of diaphysis and epiphysis on radius. Some other important tips:  * Absence of hamate and pisiform - Still 1 year for prepubertal growth spurt * Presence of hamular process of the hamate, pisiform and sesamoid- Beginning of  growth spurt * Initial ossification of  sesamoid - Peak pubertal growth spurt * The epiphysis and diaphysis fusion/ ossification of sesamoid completed - Prepubertal growth spurt completed * The epiphysis and diaphysis fusion on radius and ulna- Active growth completed CLICK HERE FOR MORE MCQs