Areas anesthetized by the intraoral inferior alveolar nerve block include:

 # Areas anesthetized by the intraoral inferior alveolar nerve block include:

A. The body of the mandible

B. The inferior portion of the ramus

C. Mandibular teeth

D. All of the above

The correct answer is D. All of the above.

Areas Anesthetized by Inferior alveolar nerve block

1. Mandibular teeth to the midline

2. Body of the mandible, inferior portion of the ramus

3. Buccal mucoperiosteum, mucous membrane anterior to the mental foramen (mental nerve)

4. Anterior two thirds of the tongue and floor of the oral cavity (lingual nerve)

5. Lingual soft tissues and periosteum (lingual nerve)

Ref: Handbook of Local Anesthesia, Malamed, 6th Edition, Page 227

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For a successful intraoral palatal second divisions nerve block anesthesia, the needle should enter the:

 # For a successful intraoral palatal second divisions nerve block anesthesia, the needle should enter the:

A. Incisive canal

B. Infraalveolar foramen

C. Greater palatine foramen

D. Stylomastoid foramen

The correct answer is C. Greater palatine foramen.

Area of insertion: palatal soft tissue directly over the greater palatine foramen

Target area: the maxillary nerve as it passes through the pterygopalatine fossa; the needle passes through the greater palatine canal to reach the pterygopalatine fossa

Ref: Handbook of Local anesthesia, Malamed, 6th Edition Page 220

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The first line of treatment in a patient with syncope due to local anesthesia is administration of:

 # The first line of treatment in a patient with syncope due to local anesthesia is administration of:

A. Oxygen

B. Respiratory stimulant

C. Adrenaline

D. Diazepam

The correct answer is A. Oxygen.

Definitive care after syncopal attack:

-Administer O2

- Monitor vital signs

- Perform additional procedures: Administer aromatic ammonia vaporole; Administer “sugar” (e.g., orange juice, non-diet soft drink)

- Administer atropine if bradycardia persists

- Do not panic!

Reference: Medical Emergencies in the Dental Office, Malamed, 7th edition Page no: 151

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What is the fate of nitrous oxide when administered for relative analgesia?

 # What is the fate of nitrous oxide when administered for relative analgesia?

A. Excreted by kidney

B. Detoxified in liver

C. Exhaled by lungs

D. Exhaled by sweat glands

The correct answer is C. Exhaled by lungs.

As the sole agent, N2O (50%) has been used with O2 for dental and obstetric analgesia. It is

nontoxic to liver, kidney and brain. However, prolonged N2O anaesthesia has the potential to

depress bone marrow and cause peripheral neuropathy. Metabolism of N2O does not occur;

it is quickly removed from the body by lungs. It is cheap and commonly used.

Reference: Essentials of Medical Pharmacology, KD Tripathi, Seventh edition page no 378

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