Esthetic Appliances for Orthodontic Treatment

 # In adults seeking orthodontic treatment with esthetic appliances the following may be choices EXCEPT:

a) Lingual orthodontics 

b) Ceramic brackets

c) Clear aligner therapy

d) Titanium brackets

The correct answer is D. Titanium brackets.

All other options are considered esthetic orthodontic appliances because they are either not visible or highly perceptible. Titanium brackets display metal and are not esthetic. Clear aligner therapy can be used for minor orthodontic corrections and can be preferred by patients due to esthetics and ease of use. 

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Rotated Maxillary Central Incisor

 # A child is brought to the clinic with complaint of irregular teeth. The maxillary central incisor is rotated in an otherwise normal occlusion. What should the next step be?

a) Check for supernumerary teeth

b) Resection of supracrestal fibers

c) Exert a couple on tooth

d) Fixed orthodontic appliances given  

The correct answer is a. Check for supernumerary teeth.

Unerupted mesiodens and the presence of thick labial frenum between the central incisors are common causes of midline diastema.

Before attempting to close midline diastema, radiographs should be taken to rule out supernumerary teeth as the cause of diastema.

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Agent approved as an immersion sterilant

 # Which of the following agents is approved as an immersion sterilant?

A. Ethyl alcohol

B. Glutaraldehyde

C. Iodophors

D. Sodium Hypochlorite

The correct answer is B. Glutaraldehyde.

Immersion sterilants are agents used to sterilize instruments by dipping them in their solution. 

Glutaraldehydes are used as a disinfectant and in fixing biological tissues for light and electron microscopy. This is the most widely used immersion sterilant. 

Glutaraldehyde, sold under the brandname Cidex and Glutaral among others, is a disinfectant, medication, preservative, and fixative. As a disinfectant, it is used to sterilize surgical instruments and other areas of hospitals.  As a medication, it is used to treat warts on the bottom of the feet. Glutaraldehyde is applied as a liquid.

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Endodontically treated teeth

 # Endodontically treated teeth:

A. Decay and breakdown rapidly

B. Require no special design or restoration

C. Are weak and can fracture due to occlusal forces

D. Are more stronger

The correct answer is C. Are weak and can fracture due to occlusal forces.

Routinely, teeth that have had endodontic treatment are weak and subject to fracture from occlusal forces. These teeth require restorations designed to provide protection from this injury. This particularly applies to posterior teeth, which are subjected to greater stress.

Ref: Sturdevant’s Art and Science of Operative Dentistry, 7th Edition, Page no e125

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