Bacteria found in gingivitis are localized in:

 # Bacteria found in gingivitis are localized in:

A. Connective tissue fibres

B. Gingival Sulcus

C. Alveolar bone

D. Periodontal ligament

The correct answer is B. Gingival sulcus.

The pathologic changes of gingivitis are associated with the presence of oral microorganisms attached to the tooth and perhaps in or near the gingival sulcus.

Reference: Carranza's Clinical Periodontology, 12th Edition, Page no: 219

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Histological examination of the tissues in desquamative gingivitis reveals:

 # Histological examination of the tissues in desquamative gingivitis reveals:

A. Hyperkeratosis

B. Elongation of the rete pegs

C. Aggregations of giant cells

D. Local loss of the basement membrane

The correct answer is D. Local Loss of Basement Membrane.

Desquamative gingivits is histologically related to loss of basement membrane.

Reference: Carranza's Clinical Periodontology, 12th Edition, Page no: 263

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One of the earlier signs of cavernous sinus thrombosis is due to deficit in the function of:

# One of the earlier signs of cavernous sinus thrombosis is due to deficit in the function of:

A. Trochlear nerve

B. Abducens nerve

C. Oculomotor nerve

D. Ophthalmic division of trigeminal nerve

The correct answer is B. Abducens nerve.

Because the abducens nerve (cranial nerve VI) is usually the first nerve to become involved due to its location in the lateral wall of the cavernous sinus, an early sign may be an internal strabismus.

Ref: ORAL AND MAXILLOFACIAL PATHOLOGY, A Rationale for Diagnosis and Treatment, Second Edition Page no 77

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Exfoliative cytology is mainly used in the definitive diagnosis of the:

 # Exfoliative cytology is mainly used in the definitive diagnosis of the:

A. Oral cancer

B. Fungal infection

C. Vesiculobullous diseases

D. Viral infection

The correct answer is C. Vesiculobullous diseases.

It has been recognized that the exfoliative oral cytologic smear is also of value in the diagnosis of diseases other than carcinoma, particularly diseases which are characterized by the presence of certain specific cells. Thus, cytologic smears have been useful in the diagnosis of lesions of herpes simplex infection, herpes zoster, pemphigus vulgaris, benign familial pemphigus, keratosis follicularis, hereditary benign intraepithelial dyskeratosis, white sponge nevus, and pernicious and sickle cell anemia.

Reference: Shafer’s Textbook of ORAL PATHOLOGY, 7th Edition, Page No: 597

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