Which of the following is the first sign that appears in hemorrhagic shock?

 # Which of the following is the first sign that appears in hemorrhagic shock?

A. Hypotension

B. Tachycardia

C. Vasoconstriction

D. Syncope

The correct answer is B. Tachycardia

• Hypovolemic shock develops after the loss of 40% of blood.
• Tachycardia is earliest sign of hemorrhagic shock.
• Hypovolemic shock is the most common type of shock in the victim of maxillofacial trauma.

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Pain due to gallstone can be perceived in all areas except:

 # Pain due to gallstone can be perceived in all areas except:

A. Right shoulder

B. Right hypochondrium

C. Right iliac fossa

D. Epigastrium

The correct answer is C. Right iliac fossa.

Gallstones may cause no signs or symptoms. If a gallstone lodges in a duct and causes a blockage, the resulting signs and symptoms may include:

• Sudden and rapidly intensifying pain in the upper right portion of your abdomen (right hypochondrium)
• Sudden and rapidly intensifying pain in the center of your abdomen, just below your breastbone (epigastrium)
• Back pain between your shoulder blades
• Pain in your right shoulder
• Nausea or vomiting

Gallstone pain may last several minutes to a few hours.

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Crown and loop space maintainer is a procedure in:

 # Crown and loop space maintainer is a procedure in:

A. Interceptive orthodontics

B. Preventive orthodontics

C. Corrective orthodontics

D. Orthodontic camouflage

The correct answer is B. Preventive Orthodontics

Following are some of the most commonly undertaken preventive orthodontic measures:

• Parent education
• Caries control
• Care of deciduous dentition
• Maintenance of shedding and eruption timetable
• Management of premature loss of deciduous teeth
• Management of ankylosis of deciduous teeth
• Management of prolonged retention of deciduous teeth
• Extraction of supernumerary teeth
• Management of oral habits
• Management of deeply locked first permanent molars
• Treatment of occlusal prematurities
• Management of abnormal frenum attachments
• Prevention of Milwaukee braces damage
• Space maintainers

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The Knutson’s technique of fluoride application is done in the years:

 # The Knutson’s technique of fluoride application is done in the years:

A. 3,7,11,13

B. 2,6,10,16

C. 8,13,18,31

D. 2,7,11,18

The correct answer is A. 3,7,11,13

It is the technique recommended by Knutson for the application of 2% neutral sodium fluoride. It consists of 4 applications at weekly intervals in a year at age group of 3, 7, 11, and 13 years. This age group was selected depending on the eruption of deciduous dentition, first permanent molar and incisors, premolar and canines and second molars respectively.

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