Which of the following is the most common developmental cyst?

  # Which of the following is the most common developmental cyst?

A. Nasopalatine cyst

B. Nasoalveolar cyst

C. Globulomaxillary cyst

D. Median palatal cyst

The correct answer is A. Nasopalatine cyst.

Nasopalatine duct cyst/Nasopalatine canal cyst/ Incisive canal cyst is most common non-odontogenic cyst. Its location is peculiar and specific in that it affects the midline anterior maxilla. 

Option B nasoalveolar cyst is a rare fissural cyst that arise at the junction of globular process, the lateral nasal process and the maxillary process. 

Option C globulomaxillary cyst is found within the bone at the junction of the globular portion of the medial nasal process, maxillary process, the globule maxillary fissure, usually between the maxillary lateral incisor and cuspid teeth. 

Condyloma acuminatum is associated with:

  # Condyloma acuminatum is associated with:

A. HPV

B. HHV 8

C. CMV

D. EBV

The correct answer is A. HPV.

Approximately 90% of condylomata acuminata are related to HPV types 6 and 11. These 2 types are the least likely to have a neoplastic potential. It is characterised by transmissible, autoinoculable soft pink nodules which proliferate and coalesce rapidly to form diffuse papillomatous clusters or as papillomatous, bulbous masses of varying sizes. Topical podophyllin may be used or surgical excision may be needed to treat the lesion. 

The term poikilokaryosis refers to :

 # The term poikilokaryosis refers to :

A. Alteration of nuclear cytoplasmic ratio

B. large, prominent nucleii

C. division of nuclei without division of cytoplasm

D. loss of polarity and disorientation of cells

The correct answer is C. Division of nuclei without division of cytoplasm.

Criteria for diagnosis of epithelial dysplasia in carcinoma include: 

• Increased abnormal mitoses 

• Individual cell keratinisation 

• Epithelial pearls in the spinous layer 

• Alterations in nuclear Cytoplasmic ratio 

• Loss of polarity and disorientation of cells 

• Hyper chromatism 

• Large nucleoli 

• Dyskaryosis or nuclear atypism including giant nuclei. 

• Poikilokarynosis or division of nuclei without division of cytoplasm 

• Basilar hyperplasia Individual cell keratinisation and epithelial pearl formation is absent in carcinoma in situ or intra epithelial carcinoma. 

Which is a premalignant lesion?

 # Which is a premalignant lesion?

A. Oral submucous fibrosis

B. Syphilitic glossitis

C. Erythroplakia

D. Lichen planus

The correct answer is C. Erythroplakia.

Premalignant lesion according to WHO (1978) is defined as a morphologically altered tissue in which cancer is more likely to occur than its apparently normal counterpart. Examples include leukoplakia, erythroplakia, carcinoma in situ. 

Precancerous condition is a generalised state associated with a significantly increased risk of cancer. These include siderophenic dysphagia, submucous fibrosis, lichen planus, syphilitic glossitis.