An ANB angle of 2 degrees on the cephalogram usually indicates:

 # An ANB angle of 2 degrees on the cephalogram usually indicates:

A. An unfavorable relationship of mandible to maxilla

B. A favorable relationship of maxillary alveolar base to mandibular alveolar base

C. Poor cranial growth with poor prognosis

D. Retruded maxillary incisor

The correct answer is B. A favorable relationship of maxillary alveolar base to mandibular alveolar base.

SNA angle relates the maxilla to the cranial base. The mean value is 82°. A larger value indicates a prognathic maxilla while a smaller value suggests a retrognathic maxilla. SNB angle relates the mandible to the cranial base. Its average value is 80°. Larger values indicate a prognathic mandible while smaller values indicate a retrusive mandible. ANB angle denotes the relative position of the maxilla and mandible to each other. The mean value is 2°. An increase in this angle indicates class-II skeletal tendency while an angle that is less than normal or a negative angle suggests a skeletal class-III relationship. 

Which condition is associated with mulberry molars in children?

 # Which condition is associated with mulberry molars in children?

A. Autism

B. Down’s syndrome

C. Syphilis

D. Diabetes mellitus

The correct answer is C. Syphilis.

Mulberry molars are a dental condition typically linked with congenital syphilis, characterized by multiple rounded rudimentary enamel cusps on the permanent first molars. Mulberry molars are actually defective permanent molars. 

In a hand wrist radiograph, which of the following carpal bones appears first?

 # In a hand wrist radiograph, which of the following carpal bones appears first?

A. Hamate

B. Triquetral

C. Lunate

D. Naviculare

The correct answer is A. Hamate. 

Sequence of Appearance of 8 Carpal bones: Capitate < Hamate < Triquetral < Lunate < Trapezium, Trapezoid, Scaphoid (Three of them appear together) < Pisiform 

Difference of width of four maxillary permanent incisors and primary incisors is about:

 # Difference of width of four maxillary permanent incisors and primary incisors is about:

A. 7 mm

B. 6 mm

C. 6.5 mm

D. 8.5 mm

The correct answer is A. 7 mm. 

Permanent incisors develop lingual to the primary incisors. For incisors to erupt in normal alignment, there is an obligate space requirement in the anterior part of both the arches which is termed as incisor liability or difference between the amount of space needed for the permanent incisors and the amount available for them is called the incisor liability. The total sum of the mesiodistal width of four permanent incisors is larger than that of primary incisors by 7.6 mm in maxilla and 6 mm in mandible.