Use of finger pressure to align irregular teeth

 # Who advocated the use of finger pressure to align irregular teeth?

A. Edward Hartley Angle

B. Calvin Case

C. Aulius Cornelius Celsius

D. PR Begg

The correct answer is C. Aulius Cornelius Celcius.

Aulius Cornelius Celsus (25 BC–50 AD) described finger pressure to move teeth in his work “De Re Medicina.”

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Founder of Modern Dentistry

 # Who is the founder of modern dentistry?

A. Edward H angle

B. Norman Kingsley

C. Aulius Cornelius Celsius

D. Pierre Fauchard

The correct answer is: D. Pierre Fauchard.

Pierre Fauchard (January 2, 1679 – March 21, 1761) was a French physician, credited as being the "father of modern dentistry". He is widely known for writing the first complete scientific description of dentistry, Le Chirurgien Dentiste ("The Surgeon Dentist"), published in 1728. The book described basic oral anatomy and function, signs and symptoms of oral pathology, operative methods for removing decay and restoring teeth, periodontal disease (pyorrhea), orthodontics, replacement of missing teeth, and tooth transplantation. 

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Bilateral balanced occlusion concept is given by:

 # Bilateral balanced occlusion concept is given by:

A. Von Spee and Monson

B. GV Black

C.  D Van

D. Sturdevant

The correct answer is A. Von Spee and Monson.

This is a type of occlusion that is seen when simultaneous contact occurs on both sides in centric and eccentric positions. Bilateral balanced occlusion helps to distribute the occlusal load evenly across the arch and therefore helps to improve stability of the denture during centric, eccentric or parafunctional movements. For minimal occlusal balance, there should be at least three points of contact on the occlusal plane. More the number of contacts, better the balance. Bilateral balanced occlusion can be protrusive or lateral balance.

There are two types of compensating curves namely:

• Anteroposterior curves

• Lateral curves

Curve of Spee, Wilson’s curve and Monson’s curve are associated only with natural dentition. In complete dentures compensating curves similar to these curves should be incorporated to produce balanced occlusion.

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The advantage of metal base denture is:

 # The advantage of metal base denture is:

A. Increase in tissue tolerance

B. Easy laboratory procedure

C. Rebasing and relining are quite easy

D. Increase in restorative cost

The correct answer is A. Increase in tissue tolerance.

Advantages of metal denture base

1. Mandibular dentures are heavier. So the retention and stability are improved.
2. Improved thermal conductivity gives good sensory interpretation.
3. They are strong even in thin sections. Thin sections are very comfortable for the patient.
4. Easier to maintain.

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Indirect retainers of partial denture:

 # Indirect retainers of partial denture:

A. Engages undercut areas

B. Most effective when close to direct retainer

C. Must be constructed with flexible materials like plastics

D. Should resist rotatory forces about fulcrum

The correct answer is D. Should resist rotatory forces about fulcrum.

When the distal extension denture base is dislodged from its basal seat, it tends to rotate around the fulcrum lines. Theoretically, this movement away from the tissues can be resisted by activation of the direct retainer, the stabilizing components of the clasp assembly, and the rigid components of the partial denture framework, which are located on definite rests on the opposite side of the fulcrum line away from the distal extension base. These components are referred to as indirect retainers. Indirect retainer

components should be placed as far as possible from the distal extension base, which provides the best leverage advantage against dislodgment. 

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The midline fracture of the maxillary denture are mainly due to:

 # The midline fracture of the maxillary denture are mainly due to:

A. Teeth set too buccally

B. No midline relief

C. Ridge resorption

D. All of the above

The correct answer is D. All of the above.

Several factors have been attributed to be the cause of midline fracture i.e. flexural fatigue resulting from cyclic deformation and factors that exacerbate the deformation of the base or alter its stress distribution may predispose the denture to fracture. Other factors which form areas of stress concentration such as a large frenal notch, dentures with thin or underextended flanges, poorly fitting dentures or a lack of adequate relief, dentures with a wedged or locked occlusion have been implicated. Poor clinical design, dentures which have been previously repaired, poor laboratory technique, use of porcelain teeth, increase in stress concentration at the tooth/denture base interface, heavy or uneven masticatory forces, unbalanced occlusion, patient related habits, diastema and maxillary tori are other common causes for midline fractures of upper dentures.

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Cavosurface margin angulation in chamfer finish line is:

 # Cavosurface margin angulation in chamfer finish line is:

A. Always 90 degree

B. 90 degree or less than 90 degree

C. 90 degree or more than 90 degree

D. 120 degree

The correct answer is C. 90 degree or more than 90 degree.

Chamfer is an obtuse-angled finish line. Indicated where metal forms the margin of a restoration, e.g. complete metal crown. Should not be given for porcelain restorations as the obtuse angle produces shearing forces which is not well tolerated by porcelain. It is prepared using a round-end tapering diamond. This is produced by sinking in half the diamond into the tooth. The tip produces the chamfer while the sides give the necessary taper to the axial surface. 

Cavosurface angle of less than 90 degree produces a lip of unsupported enamel which fractures easily.

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