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Mechanism of plasma membrane damage in ischemia

# The major mechanism of damage to plasma membrane in ischemia is:
A. Reduced intracellular pH
B. Increased intracellular accumulation of sodium
C. Increased Ca++ ions in the cytosol
D. Reduced aerobic respiration


The correct answer is C. Increased Ca++ ions in the cytosol.

The ion calcium is critical for cell damage. Influx of calcium acts as second messenger and activates wide spectrum of enzymes that destroy cellular organelles.

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