Nerve running along the nasal septum

 # Which of the following nerves runs along the nasal septum?
A. Nasopalatine
B. Greater palatine
C. Pharyngeal
D. Posterolateral nasal

The correct answer is A. Nasopalatine.

Nasopalatine nerve 

-Exits Pterygopalatine fossa through Sphenopalatine foramen which takes it into the nasal cavity.
- Runs anterior-inferiorly along the nasal septum.
- Passes through incisive foramen of maxilla to reach the anterior hard palate.

The nasopalatine nerve supplies the posterior part of the nasal septum.

The anterior ethmoidal nerve, a branch of V1, supplies the anterior part of the nasal septum.

The flexible part of the nasal septum by the nostril opening is supplied by the nasal branch of the infraorbital nerve. 

Tooth most likely to not erupt due to overcrowding

# Which of the following teeth is most likely to NOT erupt into the arch due to overcrowding?
A. Canine
B. Central incisor
C. Lateral incisor
D. 2nd premolar
E. 1st premolar

The correct answer is A. Canine.

Canines are the anterior teeth that are most
likely to be unable to erupt within a crowded dentition because the canine erupts after the incisors and premolars have already erupted.

Tooth crowding may occur in patients with
teeth that are too wide mesiodistally or if
their dental arch is too small to
accommodate all the erupted teeth.

Tooth crowding carries a genetic predisposition because it is often a matter of tooth size vs arch size.

Facial profile change with ageing

# The facial profile of most people change as they age and mature through becoming..
A. More convex
B. The same level of convexity
C. Less concave
D. Less convex

The correct answer is D. Less convex. 

The facial profile may vary as we age due to

the loss of facial fat, muscle atrophy and

loss of skin elasticity.

The buccal fact pad is gradually lost in the

cheeks, causing the skin to adapt itself to

the underlying muscle and bone.

During the aging process, metabolism

slows down and the production of skin,

collagen, and muscle fibers is reduced.

The constant pull of gravity also contributes

to the sagging of the face.

Late mesial shift of permanent first molars

# The closure of which of the following spaces results in the late mesial shift of permanent 1st molars?
A. Canine
B. Interocclusal
C. Extraction
D. Leeway
E. Primate

The correct answer is D. Leeway space. 

Leeway space is closed as the 1st permanent molars move mesially after the

exfoliation of the primary 2nd molar and is

usually seen among children from 11-12

years of age.

Leeway space is created from the difference of sizes between the primary canine and molars compared to the erupting premolars and permanent canines.

The discrepancy in size of primary molars and premolars creates a free space that allows the late mesial migration of permanent 1st molar after the exfoliation of the primary 2nd molar.