Age of closure of sphenooccipital synchondrosis is:

 # Age of closure of sphenooccipital synchondrosis is:

a) 6 years 

b) 12 years

c) 18 years 

d) 25 years

The correct answer is C. 18 years.

The spheno-occipital synchondrosis (also known as the basiocciput or basicranial synchondrosis) is the synchondrosis between the basisphenoid and basiocciput bones, which together when joined form the clivus. When fused, the synchondrosis is often called the spheno-occipital suture - this is a misnomer - as anatomically it is not a suture.

Fusion of the spheno-occipital synchondrosis initiates in girls at 12-13 years, and in boys at 14-15 years and is complete by 17-18 years. Fusion begins superiorly and progresses inferiorly, and also starts at the inner surface of the skull base proceeding towards the ectocranial surface.

Purpose of the post treatment retention of an orthodontic case is:

 # Purpose of the post treatment retention of an orthodontic case is:

A. To allow bony changes

B. To prevent tongue thrusting

C. To encourage the space closure

D. To let the patient get used to the new functional position of the teeth

The correct answer is D. To let the patient get used to the new functional position of the teeth

The purpose of post-treatment retention of an orthodontic case is to let the patient get used to the new functional position of the teeth. After completing orthodontic treatment, the teeth are in a new position, and the surrounding bone and soft tissues need time to adapt to this new position. During the retention period, the teeth are held in place while the surrounding structures adjust to the new position of the teeth. This helps to ensure the long-term stability of the treatment results. The retention period also allows the patient to become accustomed to the new position of their teeth and develop new habits such as proper oral hygiene practices and speech patterns.

In determining the psychological prognosis for a complete denture patient, one of the most valuable aids is which of the following?

 # In determining the psychological prognosis for a complete denture patient, one of the most valuable aids is which of the following?

A. A classification of the ridge relation

B. An evaluation of the  resorption of the ridges

C.  An evaluation of the patient’s occupational background

D. An evaluation of the patient’s present  dentures and attitudes

The correct answer is D. An evaluation of the patient’s present  dentures and attitudes

An evaluation of the patient’s present dentures and attitudes is one of the most valuable aids in determining the psychological prognosis for a complete denture patient. This is because the patient's previous experiences with dentures can greatly influence their attitude towards wearing dentures again. If the patient had a positive experience with their previous dentures, they are more likely to have a positive attitude towards wearing new dentures. On the other hand, if the patient had a negative experience with their previous dentures, they may be more resistant to wearing new dentures and have a more negative attitude towards the treatment. Therefore, evaluating the patient's present dentures and attitudes can help the clinician anticipate any potential difficulties and plan an appropriate treatment approach to ensure a successful outcome.

MCQs on Protein Metabolism - Biochemistry MCQs

# Tertiary structure of proteins is maintained by all except:
A. H2 bond
B. Hydrophobic
C. Ionic bond
D. Disulphide bond
E. None of the above

# Which of the following is a derived protein?
A. Protamines
B. Peptones
C. Prolamines
D. Lactalbumin