16th International Orthodontic Conference of ODOAN, Dharan, Nepal

CLICK HERE FOR REGISTRATION TO MAIN CONFERENCE

CLICK HERE TO REGISTER FOR PRECONFERENCE WORKSHOPS 

Calling all orthodontists, residents, and dental pros! The 16th International Orthodontic Conference of ODOAN is landing in Dharan, Nepal on Nov 15, 2025 – your ultimate hub for cutting-edge insights, networking, and innovation in orthodontics! 🌟

Don't miss the exclusive Pre-Conference Workshops on Nov 14:

Workshop 1: In-Office Aligners with Dr. Abhishek Gupta (Master digital smiles!)

Workshop 2: Self-Ligation & TADs for Complex Malocclusions with Dr. Abhishek Ghosh (Tackle tough cases like a pro!)

Early Bird rates extended till Oct 15 – register NOW and save big! PG residents: As low as NPR 7500 for main + NPR 2000 for both workshops. International? Just $90-100 USD entry! After October 15, $120 only.

Join 100s of global experts, ignite your practice, and explore Nepal's vibes. Spots filling fast – secure yours today!

BANK DETAILS FOR PAYMENT OF REGISTRATION FEES

CLICK HERE FOR REGISTRATION TO MAIN CONFERENCE

CLICK HERE TO REGISTER FOR PRECONFERENCE WORKSHOPS

For queries: Dr. Samikshya Sangroula (9842031003) | Dr. Mona Pokharel (9841658338)

#ODOAN2025 #Orthodontics #DentalConference #NepalDentistry

The spontaneous production of an electric current resulting from two dissimilar metals in the oral cavity is called:

The spontaneous production of an electric current resulting from two dissimilar metals in the oral cavity is called:

A. Nuclear reaction

B. Galvanic action

C. Precipitation reaction

D. Thermodynamics

The correct answer is B. Galvanic action

Galvanic action, also known as oral galvanism, occurs when two dissimilar metals in the oral cavity contact saliva (an electrolyte), forming a battery-like setup that generates a spontaneous electric current. This can cause symptoms like metallic taste, pain, or tissue irritation. Studies and dental resources confirm this electrochemical process is specific to bimetallic interactions in the mouth, distinguishing it from unrelated options: nuclear reactions (subatomic), precipitation (ion formation), and thermodynamics (energy principles).

Which of the following materials has been shown to stimulate reparative dentine formation most effectively when applied to the pulpal wall of a very deep cavity?

 # Which of the following materials has been shown to stimulate reparative dentine formation most effectively when applied to the pulpal wall of a very deep cavity?

A. Copalite varnish

B. Calcium hydroxide preparation

C. Zinc phosphate cement

D. Anhydrous glass ionomer cement

The correct answer is B. Calcium hydroxide preparation

Calcium hydroxide has been established as the gold standard for stimulating reparative dentin formation in deep cavities near the pulp. It promotes odontoblast differentiation and dentin bridge formation by releasing calcium ions, which enhance fibronectin expression and mineralization. Studies, including clinical reviews, show success rates of around 83% for indirect pulp capping with calcium hydroxide.

In comparison:

• A. Copalite varnish: Acts as a protective liner to reduce irritation but does not induce reparative dentin.
• C. Zinc phosphate cement: Provides thermal insulation as a base but lacks bioactive properties for dentin stimulation.
• D. Anhydrous glass ionomer cement: Offers fluoride release and bonding but is less effective than calcium hydroxide for reparative dentin; modified versions may help, but standard types do not match its inductive capacity.

Dr. Raman Dhungel, BDS (BPKIHS), MDS Resident Department of Orthodontics, BPKIHS Dharan Contact Number

If you need to arrange / reschedule any appointment with Dr. Raman Dhungel,  BDS (BPKIHS), MDS Resident Department of Orthodontics, BPKIHS Dharan, then you can message on Whatsapp (+9779803027654) or call on +9779803027654/+9779849510059. Call only when absolutely necessary and preferably at 6:00 PM to 8:00 PM.