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Gemination, Twinning, Concrescence and Fusion of Teeth

Gemination:

  • An attempt at division of a single tooth before calcification, resulting in incomplete formation of two teeth.
  • The resultant structure will have two completely or incompletely separated crowns with a single root and root canal.
  • It is difficult to differentiate between gemination and a case in which there has been fusion between a normal tooth and a supernumerary tooth.
Twinning:

The division of a single tooth resulting in one normal and one supernumerary tooth. The number of teeth will be more than normal.

Concrescence:
  • A form of fusion of cementum after completion of root formation
  • The teeth are united by cementum only.
  • Maxillary molars are frequently involved
Fusion: 
  • Union of two normally separated tooth germs.
  • If the union occurs before calcification, the two teeth are completely united to form a single Large tooth.
  • If the union occurs after calcification, there is union of roots only. The tooth may have separate or fused root canals.
  •  Fusion of teeth is more common in deciduous teeth.

MCQs on Pathology - Growth Disorders and Neoplasia

The Correct answers are highlighted in GREEN.

# Burkitt's lymphoma is associated with the proliferation of: (AP -99)
a) T- cell
b) B - cell
c) Lymph vessels
d) Lymph nodes

# Incidence of most common malignant tumors in men in India is in:
a) Lungs
b) Oral cavity
c) Prostate
d) Liver

MCQs in Microbiology - Virology Part 2

The correct answers are highlighted in green.

# The classic opportunistic infection in acquired immune deficiency syndrome is: (KAR-2000)
a) Aphthous stomatitis
b) Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia
c) Herpetic gingivostomatitis
d) Tuberculosis

# In which of the following immunization is given after infection is started: (AP-2004)
a) Influenza
b) Poliomyelitis
c) Herpes
d) Rabies

MCQs on Microbiology - Virology Part 1

The correct answers are highlighted in green.

# HIV is transmitted by all of the following routes except: (AP-14, MAN-2002)
a) Saliva
b) Needle prick injury
c) Blood transmission
d) Sexual intercourse

# A rise in the anti-HBc immunoglobulin in a patient indicates: (MAN-2000)
a) Acute infection
b) Carrier state
c) Prodromal phase
d) Convalescence

MCQs on Hematology and Endocrinology Part 2 - General Medicine MCQs

The correct answers are highlighted in green.

# Enzyme deficient in diabetes mellitus is: (TNPSC-99)
a) Glucokinase
b) Hexokinase
c) Phosphorylase

d) Pyrophosphate dehydrogenase

# Which of the following neoplasms is primary in the adrenal medulla? (APPSC-99)
a) Pheochromocytoma
b) Eosinophilic adenoma
c) Arrhenoblastoma
d) None of the above

MCQs on Hematology and Endocrinology Part 1 - General Medicine MCQs

The correct answers are highlighted in green.

# In thrombocytopenic purpura there is: (AIPG-93, 98)
a) Increase in platelet count
b) Decrease in platelet count
c) Normal platelet count
d) Defective platelet function

# Bleeding time is prolonged in: (AIPG-98)
a) Factor VIII deficiency
b) Christmas factor deficiency
c) Von Willebrand disease
d) Vitamin K deficiency

# Which of the following coagulation factors is deficient in classical haemophilia? (AIPG-94)
a) VIII
b) IX
c) X
d) XII

MCQs on General Biochemistry

The correct answers are highlighted in green.

# Detoxification of drugs is controlled by:
a) Cytochrome
b) Cytochrome P450
c) Cytochrome C
d) Cytochrome A

# In cytochrome P450, P stands for:
a) Structural proteins
b) Substrate protein
c) Pigment
d) Polymer

# Detoxification or protective synthesis occurs by:
a) Oxidation
b) Reduction
c) Conjugation
d) Any of the above


# The major driving force for formation of membrane lipid bilayer is:
a) Hydrogen bonding
b) Hydrophobic interactions
c) Vander waal forces
d) Not known