Polyene antibiotics exhibit their action on:

 # Polyene antibiotics exhibit their action on:

A. Cell membrane

B. Cell wall

C. Cell nucleus

D. Ribosomes

The correct answer is A. Cell Membrane.

Amphotericin, the polyenes antibiotics, have high affinity for ergosterol of fungal cell membranes to orient themselves to produce micropore through which ions, amino acids and water-soluble substances move out. It is not effective against bacteria as it does not contain sterol in their cell membrane. 

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Early bell stage is associated with:

 # Early bell stage is associated with:

A. Initiation

B. Proliferation

C. Histodifferentiation

D. Apposition

The correct answer is C. Histodifferentiation.

Morphologic stages and physiologic process related to each stage: 

• Dental lamina & Bud stage -Initiation 

• Cap stage -Proliferation 

• Early bell stage - Histodifferentiation 

• Advanced bell stage - Morpho-differentiation 

• Formation of enamel & dentin matrix - Apposition 

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Treatment of dehydrated child patient is:

 # Treatment of dehydrated child patient is:

A. 0.9% normal saline

B. 5% dextrose

C. 10% dextrose

D. 50% dextrose

The correct answer is B. 5% dextrose.

5% dextrose supplies calories, but not electrolytes. The solution can only be used when the patient does not require any electrolytes but a solution to replenish his blood volume along with some nutrition.

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Conjugated and unconjugated bilirubins are increased in:

 # Conjugated and unconjugated bilirubins are increased in: 

A. Prehepatic jaundice 

B. Hepatocellular jaundice 

C. Posthepatic jaundice

D. Hemolytic jaundice 

The correct answer is B. Hepatocellular jaundice.

In hepatocellular jaundice, bilirubin transport across the hepatocytes may be impaired at any point between uptake of unconjugated bilirubin into the cells and transport of conjugated bilirubin into the canaliculi. So the concentrations of both conjugated and unconjugated bilirubin in the blood increase. 

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