Ideal period for surgical correction of maxilla and mandible:

# Ideal period for surgical correction of maxilla and mandible:

A. Early growth spurts

B. Mid growth spurts

C. Late growth spurts

D. After cessation of growth spurts

The correct answer is D. After cessation of growth spurts.

Orthognathic surgery for correcting maxillary and mandibular discrepancies is ideally performed after skeletal growth has ceased to minimize postoperative relapse due to residual growth. This typically occurs in late adolescence or early adulthood (around 16-18 years for females and 18-21 years for males), once pubertal growth spurts are complete and facial bones have stabilized. Earlier interventions during active growth phases (options A-C) risk instability and require potential revisions. Preoperative orthodontics (12-18 months) aligns teeth for optimal surgical outcomes, followed by postoperative orthodontics for refinement.

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