Dentosphere : World of Dentistry

# After processing a film, you notice that it appears too dark. What is the most likely cause of this problem? A. Inadequate development time B. Developer solution too cool C. Depleted developer solution D. Excessive developing time The correct answer is D. Excessive developing time. The causes underlying dark appearance of a radiograph are: - Excessive developing time - Developer solution too hot - Inaccurate timer or thermometer - concentrated developer solution Solutions for the dark appearance of radiograph - Chcck development time. - Check developer temperature. - Replace faulty timer or thermometer. - Replenish developer with fresh solutions as needed.

# The image of the coronoid process of the mandible often appears in periapical x-rays of: A. The incisor region of the mandible B. The molar region of the mandible C. The incisor region of the maxilla D. The molar region of the maxilla The correct answer is D. The molar region of the maxilla. As the mouth is opened, the coronoid process moves forward, and therefore it comes into  view most often when the mouth is opened to its fullest extent at the time the exposure is made. It is evidenced by a tapered or triangular radiopacity, which may be seen below, or in some instances superimposed on the molar teeth and maxilla. The coronoid process appears as a triangular-shaped radiopacity.

# Pulpotomies are CONTRAINDICATED on primary molars with which of the following? A. Radiographic evidence of deep caries approximating the pulp chamber B. Radiographic evidence of internal resorption C. Sensitivity to sweets D. Exposure of the pulp during caries excavation The correct answer is B. Radiographic evidence of internal resorption. Root canal therapy is indicated to treat cases involving internal resorption. When a carious lesion approximates or extends into the pulp chamber of a deciduous tooth, removal of coronal pulp is performed to prevent the spread of the infection into the radicular pulp. Pulpotomies are performed on deciduous teeth to prevent premature tooth loss and potential loss of space. Careful clinical and radiographic assessment along with the child's medical and dental history are necessary before performing a pulpotomy. Pulpotomy is contraindicated where there i s: - Internal resorption (root canal therapy indicated) - Per...

#Sudden relief of severe pain associated with a dentoalveolar abscess can be explained by which of the following? A. Neutralizing effect of tissue enzymes B. Walling-off of the infection by the body C. Rupture of the abscess from the periosteum into the soft tissue D. Neurotoxic effects of bacterial toxins anesthetize the nocioceptors The correct answer is C. Rupture of the abscess from the periosteum into the soft tissue. Dentoalveolar abscesses are an accumulation of pus within the teeth, gums, and supporting alveolar bone. The accumulation of pus within the dentoalveolar abscess creates hydrostatic pressure, resulting in the sensation of a severe pain. Dentoalveolar abscesses are treated through root canal treatment and possibly incision and drainage depending upon case severity. Drainage of the lesion releases the pressure caused by the suppuration and results in a sudden relief of pain is experienced by the patient. The major symptom of dentoalveolar ...

# The cementoblastoma is more often seen: A. In the mandible than in the maxilla, and more often posterior than in the anterior regions B. In the mandible than in the maxilla, and more often anterior than in the posterior regions C. In the maxilla than in the mandible, and more often posterior than in the anterior regions D. In the maxilla than in the mandible, and more often anterior than in the posterior regions The correct answer is A. In the mandible than in the maxilla, and more often posterior than in the anterior regions The cementoblastoma, also known as the true cementoma, is a rare benign neoplasm of cementoblast origin. It occurs predominantly in the second and third decades, typically before 25 years of age. It is more often seen in the mandible than in the maxilla and more often posterior than in the anterior regions. It is intimately associated with the root of a tooth, and the tooth remains vital. It may cause cortical expansion and, occasionally, lowgra...

# The odontogenic keratocyst (OKC) is derived from: A. Hertwig's epithelial root sheath B. The reduced enamel epithelium C. Remnants of the dental lamina D. A pre-existing osteoma The correct answer is: B. Reduced enamel epithelium. Keratocysts differ from other odontogenic cysts in their microscopic appearance and clinical behavior. They may resemble periodontal, primordial, or follicular cysts. Usually, they cannot be distinguished radiographically.  Clinical features: • Wide age range. peak occurrence in 2nd and 3rd decades • Lesions found in children are often reflective of multiple odontogenic keratocysts as a component of the nevoid basal cell carcinoma syndrome • More common in males than females • The chief site of involvement is the mandible, in approximately a 2 to 1 ratio • In the mandible. most occur within the posterior portion of the body and ramus region • Typically asymptomatic Radiographic features: • Well-demarcated a...

# The most common cause of xerostomia is: A. Hereditary B. Medications C. Tooth decay D. Mouth breathing The correct answer is B. Medications. Xerostomia (dry mouth) is not a disease, however, it can be a symptom of certain diseases. Many times xerostomia is caused by failure of the salivary glands to function normally, but the sensation can also occur in people with normal salivary g lands. Xerostomia can cause health problems by a ffecting nutrition, as well as psychological heal th. At its most extreme, it can lead to rampant tooth decay and periodontal disease. Perhaps the most prevalent cause of xerostomia is medica tion. The main culprits are antihistamines, antidepressants, anticholinergics (e.g .. atropine and scopolamine) , anorexiants, antihypertensive, antipsychotics {e.g. , chlorpromazine and prochlorperazine), anti-Parkinson agents, diuretics and sedatives. The most common disease causing xerostomia is Sjogren's syndrome (SS), a chronic infla...